Посещений:
The role of DNA sequence in centromere formation | |
Рис. | Центромеры хромосом Centromeres and the NucleusCentromeres are highly complex chromosomal substructures involved in essential aspects of chromosome transmission during cell division. The centromere/kinetochor complex is responsible for directing chromosome movements in mitosis and for faithful progression of mitotic events at the transition between metaphase and anaphase.
Accurate chromosome segregation relies on the interactions between the centromere/kinetochor complex and the spindle apparatus. Aberrant chromosome transmission causes genomic instability which can result in common birth defects, spontaneous abortions and is also tightly correlated with almost all types of cancer. In addition, viral proteins are able to target specific centromere components causing the destruction of the centromere complex and subsequent cell-cycle arrest of the host cell.
Within the cell nucleus centromeres undergo changes in their intranuclear localization during the cell cycle. They have been found to associate or colocalize with subnuclear structures, such as the nucleolus or nuclear bodies. Dynamic interactions between centromeres and other nuclear substructures may be important in controlling gene expression and centromere function as well. Research GoalsThe elucidation of structure-function relationships of centromere components and their dynamic interplay within the nucleus will provide insight into centromere function and may help to understand mechanisms underlying genome instability and viral pathogenesis. We are studying the following aspects of centromere function in Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and/or mammalian cells: (a) identification of new centromere proteins (molecular biology, biochemistry) (b) elucidation of the structure of centromere proteins (Cristallography, NMR, collaborative projects) (c) identification of specific protein/protein interactions in vitro (biochemistry) (d) centromere protein/protein interactions in vivo (cell biology/live cell microscopy) (e) connection between centromeres and subnuclear structures (FRET, FCS in vivo) contig: "A chromosome map showing the locations of those regions of a
chromosome where contiguous DNA segments overlap. Contig maps are important because they provide the ability to study a complete, and often large segment of the genome by examining a series of overlapping clones which then provide an unbroken succession of
information about that region. | related terms: bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) , chromosome, cloning, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), gene, genome, physical map, yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) |